【留学深造】一道中学竞赛题
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作者:spinach (等级:8 - 融会贯通,发帖:1961) 发表:2015-07-14 21:38:35  楼主  关注此帖
【留学深造】一道中学竞赛题

2012 Australian Mathematics Competition Junior Q27

 

How many four-digit numbers containing no zeros have the property that whenever any one of its four digits is removed, the resulting three-digit number is divisible by 3? 

 

我是这么想的,如果是任意删除一位数字,余下的部分还能被3整除,那么只能是3,6,9这几个数

 

ABCD 四位数,每次都有3种选择,所以 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 81 

 

可答案是243,想不明白,望高人指点

 

 


该帖荣获当日十大第8,奖励楼主4分以及6华新币,时间:2015-07-15 22:00:03。
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作者:spinach (等级:8 - 融会贯通,发帖:1961) 发表:2015-07-16 23:14:26  2楼
best simple answer!If a number is divisible by 3, and you remove any digit and it remains divisible by 3, then the digit that you removed must itself be divisible by 3. If there are no zeros, then the digit must be 3, 6, or 9. And since you can remove *any* digit and the result is still divisible by 3, that means *all* digits must be 3, 6, or 9. And there are 3 * 3 * 3 * 3, or 81, such numbers. However, the original number isn't guaranteed to be divisible by 3 in the first place. So you also have to include the numbers that aren't divisible by 3 but any 3-digit number made by removing one of its digits is. This occurs when each digit is one greater than a multiple of 3 or when each digit is two greater than a multiple of 3. This means how many four-digit numbers exist such that each digit is a 1, 4, or 7, or each digit is a 2, 5, or 8. The answer for each is 3 * 3 * 3 * 3, or 81. So the total number of 4-digit numbers that meet the condition is 81 + 81 + 81, or 243.
感谢大家的回复
感谢大家的回复
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作者:spinach (等级:8 - 融会贯通,发帖:1961) 发表:2015-09-04 21:26:20  3楼
说的我兴起了,出一个数学题目一个自然数,她的二分之一能被2整除,她的三分之一能被3整除,她的五分之一能被5整除,她的七分之一能被7整除,请问, 这个自然数最小是几啊? 赫赫
44100
x | 4, 9, 25, 49

LCM (4, 9, 25, 49) = 44100

是这样吧?
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