转两段老塞的原文给你，应该有效。 I have found only one really good use for explicit positive reinforcement with my kids: changing frowns into smiles. All of our kids went through a period of "I want" and "Gimme," with "please" reluctantly appended. But the request usually occurred with a frown or a whine. We made it explicit that a frown plus "I want" invariably resulted in a "no," but when accompanied by a cheery smile; it might result in a "yes." Darryl, just four, has been whining and pouting for several days running at bedtime about wanting to stay up for another ten minutes. The next morning, Mandy sits him down for a chat. "Darryl," she says, drawing a face with no mouth on a piece of paper, "what face have you been showing at bedtime?" Darryl draws a big frown in the circle. "What have you been frowning about at bedtime?" ''I want to stay up and keep playing. " "So you've been frowning and whining and complaining at me then, right?" "Right." ''Is it getting you what you want? Is Mommy letting you sta (more...)