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I am a graduate student of Harbin Medical University in China. I major in "________"£¨ÄúµÄרҵ£©.
Recently, I found one of your articles, titled "__________" £¨ÎÄÕÂÃû£©in
Medline. I found it may help me achieve my goals in this research field. This would
make a really positive contribution to my work. I would like to be able to read
the full text of this article. The abstract makes the article sound very interesting.
I know there is usually a fee required to obtain the full article from Medline;
however, as a student, my only income is a small scholarship which is about U S
$30.00 per month. I wonder if you would consider sending me the full text by Email.
Perhaps you would consider this as an act of friendship between our two countries.
Thank you for your kind consideration of this request.
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2 ժҪ׫д¼¼ÇÉ
2.1 ժҪ׫дµÄÒ»°ã¼¼ÇÉ

Ϊȷ±£ÕªÒªµÄ¡°¶ÀÁ¢ÐÔ¡±(stand on its own)»ò¡°×ÔÃ÷ÐÔ¡±(self-contained), ׫дÖÐÓ¦×ñÑ­ÒÔϹæÔò£º£¨1£©ÎªÈ·±£¼ò½à¶ø³ä·ÖµØ±íÊöÂÛÎĵÄIMRD, ¿ÉÊʵ±Ç¿µ÷Ñо¿ÖеĴ´Ð¡¢ÖØÒªÖ®´¦(µ«²»ÒªÊ¹ÓÃÆÀ¼ÛÐÔÓïÑÔ)£»¾¡Á¿°üÀ¨ÂÛÎÄÖеÄÖ÷ÒªÂÛµãºÍÖØÒªÏ¸½Ú£¨ÖØÒªµÄÂÛÖ¤»òÊý¾Ý£©¡££¨2£©Ê¹Óüò¶ÌµÄ¾ä×Ó, ±í´ïҪ׼ȷ¡¢¼ò½à¡¢Çå³þ£»×¢Òâ±íÊöµÄÂß¼­ÐÔ, ¾¡Á¿Ê¹ÓÃָʾÐÔ´ÊÓï±í´ïÂÛÎĵIJ»Í¬²¿·Ö£¨²ã´Î£©¡£ ÈçʹÓá°We found that¡­¡±±íʾ½á¹û£¬Ê¹Óá°We suggest that¡­¡±±íʾÌÖÂÛ½á¹ûµÄº¬ÒåµÈ¡££¨3£©Ó¦¾¡Á¿±ÜÃâÒýÓÃÎÄÏס¢Í¼±í, ÓôÊӦΪ¶ÁÕßËùÊìϤ¡£ÈôÎÞ·¨»Ø±ÜʹÓÃÒýÎÄ, Ó¦ÔÚÒýÎijöÏÖµÄλÖý«ÒýÎĵÄÊéÄ¿ÐÅÏ¢±ê×¢ÔÚ·½À¨ºÅÄÚ£»ÈçÈ·ÓÐÐèÒª£¨Èç±ÜÃâ¶à´ÎÖØ¸´½Ï³¤µÄÊõÓʹÓ÷ÇͬÐÐÊìÖªµÄËõд, Ó¦ÔÚËõд·ûºÅµÚÒ»´Î³öÏÖʱ¸ø³öÆäÈ«³Æ¡££¨4£©Îª·½±ã¼ìË÷ϵͳת¼, Ó¦¾¡Á¿±ÜÃâʹÓû¯Ñ§½á¹¹Ê½¡¢Êýѧ±í´ïʽ¡¢½Ç±êºÍÏ£À°ÎĵÈÌØÊâ·ûºÅ¡££¨5£©²éѯÄâͶ¸åÆÚ¿¯µÄ¶ÁÕßÐëÖª, ÒÔÁ˽âÆä¶ÔÕªÒªµÄ×ÖÊýºÍÐÎʽµÄÒªÇó¡£Èç¹ûÊǽṹʽժҪ, Ó¦Á˽âÆä·ÖΪ¼¸¶Î£¬Ê¹ÓúÎÖÖ±êʶ£¬Ê¹ÓúÎÖÖʱ̬£¬ÊÇ·ñʹÓÃËõд»ò¼òд£¬µÈ¡£
2.2 ժҪд×÷µÄʱ̬

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2.2.1 ½éÉܱ³¾°×ÊÁÏ

Èç¹û¾ä×ÓµÄÄÚÈÝÊDz»ÊÜʱ¼äÓ°ÏìµÄÆÕ±éÊÂʵ, ӦʹÓÃÏÖÔÚʽ£»Èç¹û¾ä×ÓµÄÄÚÈÝÊǶÔijÖÖÑо¿Ç÷ÊÆµÄ¸ÅÊö, ÔòʹÓÃÏÖÔÚÍê³Éʽ¡£ È磺
The authors review risk and protective factors for drug abuse, assess a number of approaches for drug abuse prevention potential with high-risk groups, and make recommendations for research and practice.
Previous research has confirmed four dimensions of temperament: ¡­.

2.2.2 ÐðÊöÑо¿Ä¿µÄ»òÖ÷ÒªÑо¿»î¶¯

Èç²ÉÓá°ÂÛÎĵ¼Ïò¡±, ¶àʹÓÃÏÖÔÚʽ£¨È磺This paper presents¡­£©; Èç²ÉÓá°Ñо¿µ¼Ïò¡±, ÔòʹÓùýȥʽ£¨È磺This study investigated¡­£©.
This article summarizes research on self-initiated and professionally facilitated change of addictive behaviors using the key transtheoretical constructs of stages and processes of change.

We investigated whether captopril could reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after a myocardial infarction.

2.2.3 ¸ÅÊöʵÑé³ÌÐò¡¢·½·¨ºÍÖ÷Òª½á¹û ͨ³£ÓÃÏÖÔÚʽ¡£
We describe a new molecular approach to analyzing the genetic diversity of complex microbial populations.

Our results indicate that p21 may be a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases.
2.2.4 ÐðÊö½áÂÛ»ò½¨Òé

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We suggest that climate instability in the early part of the last interglacial may have delayed the melting of the Saalean ice sheets in America and Eurasia, perhaps accounting for this discrepancy.

2.2 ժҪд×÷µÄÈ˳ƺÍÓï̬

ÓÐÏ൱ÊýÁ¿µÄ×÷ÕߺÍÉó¸åÈËÈÏΪ, ¿Æ¼¼ÂÛÎĵÄ׫дӦʹÓõÚÈýÈ˳ơ¢¹ýȥʱºÍ±»¶¯Óï̬¡£µ«µ÷²é±íÃ÷, ¿Æ¼¼ÂÛÎÄÖб»¶¯Óï̬µÄʹÓÃÔÚ1920 - 1970ÄêÔø±È½ÏÁ÷ÐÐ, µ«ÓÉÓÚÖ÷¶¯Óï̬µÄ±í´ï¸üΪ׼ȷ, ÇÒ¸üÒ×ÔĶÁ, Òò¶øÄ¿Ç°´ó¶àÊýÆÚ¿¯¶¼ÌᳫʹÓÃÖ÷¶¯Ì¬¡£¹ú¼ÊÖªÃû¿Æ¼¼ÆÚ¿¯¡°Nature¡±, ¡°Cell¡±µÈÓÈÆäÈç´Ë, ÆäÖеÚÒ»È˳ƺÍÖ÷¶¯Óï̬µÄʹÓÃÊ®·ÖÆÕ±é¡£
ΪÁ˽âרҵÆÚ¿¯¶Ôд×÷·ç¸ñµÄ¹æ¶¨, ÓÐÈËËæ»ú³é²éÁË500·ÝҽѧºÍÉúÎïѧӢÎÄÆÚ¿¯µÄ¡°¶ÁÕßÐëÖª¡±¡£Í³¼Æ±íÃ÷, 82%µÄÆÚ¿¯Ã»ÓÐÎÄ·ç·½ÃæµÄ¹æ¶¨¡£

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3 ÕªÒªµÄ³£Óñí´ï·½·¨
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3.1 ÒýÑÔ²¿·Ö
3.1.1 »Ø¹ËÑо¿±³¾° ³£ÓôʻãÓУºreview, summarize, present, outline, describeµÈ¡£ È磺We review evidence for this view of addiction and discuss its implications for understanding the psychology and neurobiology of addiction.
This paper outlines some of the basic methods and strategies and discusses some related theoretical and practical issues.

3.1.2 ²ûÃ÷д×÷»òÑо¿Ä¿ ³£ÓôʻãÓУºpurpose, attempt, aimµÈ¡£ÁíÍ⻹¿ÉÒÔÓö¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½³äµ±Ä¿µÄ×´ÓïÀ´±í´ï¡£È磺
We attempt to recover a function of unknown smoothness from noisy sampled data.

To investigate the mechanism of Bcl-2's effect, we examined whether Bcl-2 interacted with other proteins.

3.1.3 ½éÉÜÂÛÎĵÄÖØµãÄÚÈÝ»òÑо¿·¶Î§ ³£ÓõĴʻãÓУºstudy, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attentionµÈ¡£
Here we study the dependence of apoptosis on p53 expression in cells from the thymus cortex.

This article includes a brief review of the physics underlying HERWIG, followed by a description of the program itself.

3.2 ·½·¨²¿·Ö
3.2.1 ½éÉÜÑо¿»òÊÔÑé¹ý³Ì ³£ÓôʻãÓУºtest, study, investigate, examine, experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysisµÈ¡£
We use N-body simulations to investigate the structure of dark halos in the standard cold dark matter cosmogony.

We present an analysis of atmospheric neutrino data from a 33. 0 kton yr (535-day) exposure of the Super-Kamiokande detector.

3.2.2 ˵Ã÷Ñо¿»òÊÔÑé·½·¨ ³£ÓôʻãÓУºmeasure, estimate, calculateµÈ¡£
We have developed a global model to estimate emissions of volatile organic compounds from natural sources (NVOC).

This study presents estimates of lifetime and 12-month prevalence of 14 DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders from the National Comorbidity Survey, ¡­
3.2.3 ½éÉÜÓ¦Óá¢ÓÃ; ³£ÓôʻãÓУºuse, apply, applicationµÈ¡£
Our program uses a maximum likelihood approach and is based on version 3. 3 of Felsenstein's dnaml program.

As an application, we implement a compact image coding algorithm that selects important edges and compresses the image data by factors over 30.

3.3 ½á¹û²¿·Ö
3.3.1 չʾÑо¿½á¹û ³£ÓôʻãÓУºshow, result, presentµÈ¡£
We show this cell death to be dependent upon expression of c-myc protein and to occur by apoptosis.
Our results suggest a widespread role for the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate system in the nervous system.

3.3.2 ½éÉܽáÂÛ ³£ÓôʻãÓУºsummary, introduce, concludeµÈ¡£
We introduce a procedure, SureShrink, that suppresses noise by thresholding the empirical wavelet coefficients.

By means of informal mathematical arguments, simulations and a series of worked examples, we conclude that PQL is of practical value for approximate inference on parameters and realizations of random effects in the hierarchical model.

3.4 ÌÖÂÛ²¿·Ö
3.4.1 ³ÂÊöÂÛÎĵÄÂÛµãºÍ×÷ÕߵĹ۵㠳£ÓôʻãÓУºsuggest, report, present, explain, expect, describeµÈ¡£
The results suggest that abnormalities in male sex development induced by p, p'-DDE and related environmental chemicals may be mediated at the level of the androgen receptor.
In this study, we describe a psychobiological model of the structure and development of personality that accounts for dimensions of both temperament and character.
3.4.2 ²ûÃ÷ÂÛÖ¤ ³£ÓôʻãÓУºsupport, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarifyµÈ¡£
We showed that it is possible to identify constituents which represent only 1% of the total population.

These results demonstrate that p53 is required for radiation-induced cell death in the thymus but is not necessary for all forms of apoptosis.

3.4.3 ÍÆ¼öºÍ½¨Òé ³£ÓôʻãÓУºsuggest, suggestion, recommend, recommendation, propose, necessity, necessary, expectµÈ¡£
The authors suggest that the most promising route to effective strategies for the prevention of adolescent alcohol and other drug problems is through a risk-focused approach.
We propose two algorithms to estimate the significance level for a test of HWP.

4 ½áÂÛ
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3.2.2. ·ÛÄ©ÅàÑø»ù
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3.2.4. µç´Å½Á°èÆ÷
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3.2.6. 0.1 »ò0.2 mmÎÞ¾ú¹ýÂËĤ
3.2.7. pH meter
3.2.8. Õæ¿Õ°ïÆÖ
3.2.9. CO2 ÆøÌå
3.3. ²½Ö裺
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4.1. ²ÄÁÏ£º
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4.1.2. 6-well TC plate (or 35 mm TC dish)
4.1.3. methanol
4.1.4. glacial acetic acid
4.1.5. 10 % Giemsa solution (GibcoBRL 10092-013)

4.2. ²½Ö裺
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4.2.6. È¥³ýȾҺ£¬Ë®Ï´¶þ´Î¡£
4.2.7. ÒÔÈâÑÛ¼ÆÊýȺÂäÊý£¬²¢±È½ÏÖ®£¬ÈôÐÂÅäÖÆ»òÐÂÅúºÅµÄÅàÑø»ù¶Ôϸ°ûÉú³¤²»
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1.2. ÅàÑø×ÔÆäËüʵÑéÊÒÒý½øÖ®Ï¸°ûÖê£¬ÖÆ×÷token freeze ǰÅàÑø»ùÐëÌí¼Ó¿¹ÉúËØ£¬´ý
token freeze ͨ¹ýÎÛȾ²âÊԺ󣬴óÁ¿ÅàÑøÊ±Ôò²»¼Ó¿¹ÉúËØ¡£
2. ¼ÄËÍ»îϸ°ûʱ£¬Ð뽫ÅàÑøÒº³äÂúÕû¸öflask ʱ£¬ÔòÐëÌí¼Ó¿¹ÉúËØ(penicillin 100 units/ml +
streptomycin 100 ug/ml)¡£
3. ÈôÒª¼ì²âmycoplasma£¬ÔòÅàÑø»ùÄÚ²»¿ÉÌí¼Ógentamicin£¬Òògentamicin »áÒÖÖÆ
mycoplasma Éú³¤¡£
4. È¥³ýϸ¾úÎÛȾ֮¿¹ÉúËØ»ìºÏÅä·½: penicillin 250 units/ml, streptomycin 250 ug/ml, neomycin
250 ug/ml, bacitracin 2.5 units/ml£¬×¢Òâ»ìºÏʹÓúóÒ©Îï¶¾ÐÔ»áÔöÇ¿¡£
5. ¿¹ÉúËØÊ¹ÓÃÖÖÀàÓëŨ¶È£º
¹¤×÷Ũ¶È. ´¢´æÎ¶È. ɱÃðϸ¾ú
penicillin 100 units/ml -20¡æ G(+) bacteria
streptomycin 100 ug/ml -20¡æ G(+) and G(-) bacteria
chlotetracycline 50 ug/ml -20¡æ G(+) and G(-) bacteria
gentamicin 50 ug/ml -20¡æ G(+) and G(-) bacteria, mycoplasma
amphotericin B 2.5 ug/ml -20¡æ yeast and molds
nystatin 50 ug/ml -20¡æ yeast and molds
fungizone 2.5ug/ml -20¡æ yeast and molds

ѪÇå
1. ѪÇ屨ÐëÖü´æÓÚ¨C20 ¡« -70 oC£¬Èô´æ·ÅÓÚ4 oC£¬ÇëÎ𳬹ýÒ»¸öÔ¡£Èç¹ûÒ»´ÎÎÞ·¨ÓÃÍêÒ»
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4. heat-inactivation ÊÇÖ¸56 oC, 30 ·ÖÖÓ¼ÓÈÈÒÑÍêÈ«½â¶³Ö®ÑªÇå¡£¼ÓÈȹý³ÌÖÐÐë¹æÔòÒ¡»Î¾ù
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cytolytic activities, contraction of smooth muscle, release of histamine from mast cells and
platelets, enhanced phagocytosis, chemotaxis and activation of lymphocytic and macrophage cell
type¡£
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7.1.4. methanol
7.1.5. glacial acetic acid
7.1.6. 10 % Giemsa solution(GibcoBRL 10092-013)
7.2. ²½Ö裺
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% confluency¡£
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% , 5 % , 2 % , 1 % , 0.5 % , 0.2 %¡£ÓÃÒѲâÊÔ¹ý֮ѪÇåͬʱ½øÐжÔÕÕ×éÊÔÑé¡£
7.2.4. 37 oC£¬5 % CO2 ÅàÑøÏäÅàÑø5-7 Ì죬ÆÚ¼ä²»Ðè¸ü»»ÅàÑø»ù£¬´ýϸ°ûȺÂä´ó
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7.2.6. È¥³ý¹Ì¶¨Òº£¬Ë®Ï´¶þ´Î¡£
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7.2.8. È¥³ýȾҺ£¬Ë®Ï´¶þ´Î¡£
7.2.9. ÒÔÈâÑÛ¼ÆÊýȺÂäÊý
7.2.10. ¼ÆËãSPE ( Serum Plating Efficiency )£º
SPE = ( no. of colonies / well ) / 100 x 100 %
7.2.11. ¼ÆËãRPE(Relative Plating Efficiency)£º
SPE = [ total colonies of six well (test) / Total colonies of six well (control) ] x100 %
7.3. ±È½Ï¸÷Ũ¶ÈѪÇåÅàÑø»ùÖ®RPE£¬¼´¿ÉµÃÖª´ý²âѪÇå¶Ôϸ°ûÉú³¤µÄÓ°Ïì¡£
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cells/ml¡£
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Dear Mr./Mrs.: ________£¨×÷ÕßÃû£©I am a graduate student of Harbin Medical University in China. I major in "________"£¨ÄúµÄרҵ£©. Recently, I found one of your articles, titled "__________" £¨ÎÄÕÂÃû£©in Medline. I found it may help me achieve my goals in this research field. This would make a really positive contribution to my work. I would like to be able to read the full text of this article. The abstract makes the article sound very interesting. I know there is usually a fee required to obtain the full article from Medline; however, as a student, my only income is a small scholarship which is about U S $30.00 per month. I wonder if you would consider sending methe full text by Email. Perhaps you would consider this as an act of friendshipbetween our two countries.Thank you for your kind consideration of this request.Sincerely: ___________£¨ÄúµÄÃû×Ö£©My Email address is: ____________________ £¨ÄãµÄemailµØÖ·£©
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